23 USC 403 Note: The identity of individuals in highway traffic accident or research reports

            
 
          Sec. 403. Highway safety research and development

    (a) Authority of the Secretary.--The Secretary is authorized to use 
funds appropriated to carry out this section to--
        (1) conduct research on all phases of highway safety and traffic 
    conditions, including accident causation, highway or driver 
    characteristics, communications, and emergency care;
        (2) conduct ongoing research into driver behavior and its effect 
    on traffic safety;
        (3) conduct research on, launch initiatives to counter, and 
    conduct demonstration projects on fatigued driving by drivers of 
    motor vehicles and distracted driving in such vehicles, including 
    the effect that the use of electronic devices and other factors 
    deemed relevant by the Secretary have on driving;
        (4) conduct training or education programs in cooperation with 
    other Federal departments and agencies, States, private sector 
    persons, highway safety personnel, and law enforcement personnel;
        (5) conduct research on, and evaluate the effectiveness of, 
    traffic safety countermeasures, including seat belts and impaired 
    driving initiatives;
        (6) conduct research on, evaluate, and develop best practices 
    related to driver education programs (including driver education 
    curricula, instructor training and certification, program 
    administration and delivery mechanisms) and make recommendations for 
    harmonizing driver education and multistage graduated licensing 
    systems;
        (7) conduct research, training, and education programs related 
    to older drivers;
        (8) conduct demonstration projects; and
        (9) conduct research, training, and programs relating to 
    motorcycle safety, including impaired driving.

    (b) Drugs and Driver Behavior.--In addition to the research 
authorized by subsection (a), the
Secretary, in consultation with other Government and private agencies as 
may be necessary, is authorized to carry out safety research on the 
following:
        (1) The relationship between the consumption and use of drugs 
    and their effect upon highway safety and drivers of motor vehicles.
        (2) Driver behavior research, including the characteristics of 
    driver performance, the relationships of mental and physical 
    abilities or disabilities to the driving task, and the relationship 
    of frequency of driver crash involvement to highway safety.
        (3) Measures that may deter drugged driving.
        (4) Programs to train law enforcement officers on motor vehicle 
    pursuits conducted by the officers.
        (5) Technology to detect drug use and enable States to 
    efficiently process toxicology evidence.
        (6) Research on the effects of illicit drugs and the compound 
    effects of alcohol and illicit drugs on impairment.

    (c) The research authorized by subsections (a) and (b) of this 
section may be conducted by the Secretary through grants and contracts 
with public and private agencies, institutions, and individuals.
    (d) The Secretary may, where he deems it to be in furtherance of the 
purposes of section 402 of this title, vest in State or local agencies, 
on such terms and conditions as he deems appropriate, title to equipment 
purchased for demonstration projects with funds authorized by this 
section.
    (e) In addition to the research authorized by subsection (a) of this 
section, the Secretary shall, either independently or in cooperation 
with other Federal departments or agencies, conduct research into, and 
make grants to or contracts with State or local agencies, institutions, 
and individuals for projects to demonstrate the administrative 
adjudication of traffic infractions. Such administrative adjudication 
demonstration projects shall be designed to improve highway safety by 
developing fair, efficient, and effective processes and procedures for 
traffic infraction adjudication, utilizing appropriate punishment, 
training, and rehabilitative measures for traffic offenders. The 
Secretary shall report to Congress by July 1, 1975, and each year 
thereafter during the continuance of the program, on the research and 
demonstration projects authorized by this subsection, and shall include 
in such report a comparison of the fairness, efficiency, and 
effectiveness of administrative adjudication of traffic infractions with 
other methods of handling such infractions.
    (f) Collaborative Research and Development.--
        (1) In general.--For the purpose of encouraging innovative 
    solutions to highway safety problems, stimulating voluntary 
    improvements in highway safety, and stimulating the marketing of new 
    highway safety-related technology by private industry, the Secretary 
    is authorized to undertake, on a cost-shared basis, collaborative 
    research and development with non-Federal entities, including State 
    and local governments, colleges, and universities and corporations, 
    partnerships, sole proprietorships, and trade associations that are 
    incorporated or established under the laws of any State or the 
    United States. This collaborative research may include crash data 
    collection and analysis; driver and pedestrian behavior; and 
    demonstrations of technology.
        (2) Cooperative agreements.--In carrying out this subsection, 
    the Secretary may enter into cooperative research and development 
    agreements, as defined in section 12 of the Stevenson-Wydler 
    Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 3710a); except that in 
    entering into such agreements, the Secretary may agree to provide 
    not more than 50 percent of the cost of any research or development 
    project selected by the Secretary under this subsection.
        (3) Project selection.--In selecting projects to be conducted 
    under this subsection, the Secretary shall establish a procedure to 
    consider the views of experts and the public concerning the project 
    areas.
        (4) Applicability of stevenson-wydler technology innovation 
    act.--The research, development, or utilization of any technology 
    pursuant to an agreement under the provisions of this subsection, 
    including the terms under which technology may be licensed and the 
    resulting royalties may be distributed, shall be subject to the 
    provisions of the Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 
    1980.

    (g) International Cooperation.--The Administrator of the National 
Highway Traffic Safety Administration may participate and cooperate in 
international activities to enhance highway safety.

(Added Pub. L. 89-564, title I, Sec. 101, Sept. 9, 1966, 80 Stat. 733; 
amended Pub. L. 93-87, title II, Secs. 208(a), 220-222, 226(a), Aug. 
13, 1973, 87 Stat. 286, 291, 292; Pub. L. 102-240, title II, Sec. 2003, 
Dec. 18, 1991, 105 Stat. 2071; Pub. L. 105-178, title II, Sec. 2002(a), 
(b)(1), June 9, 1998, 112 Stat. 325; Pub. L. 109-59, title II, 
Secs. 2003(a), (b), 2013(e), Aug. 10, 2005, 119 Stat. 1522, 1540.)

                       References in Text

    The Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980, referred to 
in subsec. (f)(4), is Pub. L. 96-480, Oct. 21, 1980, 94 Stat. 2311, as 
amended, which is classified generally to chapter 63 (Sec. 3701 et seq.) 
of Title 15, Commerce and Trade. For complete classification of this Act 
to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 3701 of Title 15 
and Tables.
                               Amendments

    2005--Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 109-59, Sec. 2003(a), reenacted heading 
without change and amended text of subsec. (a) generally, substituting 
provisions relating to authority of Secretary to use funds for highway 
safety research programs for former provisions which related to, in par. 
(1), general authority of Secretary, in par. (2), additional authority 
of Secretary, and, in par. (3), definition of ``safety''.
    Subsec. (b)(5), (6). Pub. L. 109-59, Sec. 2013(e), added pars. (5) 
and (6).
    Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 109-59, Sec. 2003(b), added subsec. (g).
    1998--Subsec. (a)(2)(A). Pub. L. 105-178, Sec. 2002(a), inserted ``, 
including training in work zone safety management'' after ``personnel''.
    Subsec. (b)(3), (4). Pub. L. 105-178, Sec. 2002(b)(1), added pars. 
(3) and (4).
    1991--Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 102-240, Sec. 2003(a), added subsec. (a) 
and struck out former subsec. (a) which read as
follows: ``The Secretary is authorized to use funds appropriated to 
carry out this subsection to carry out safety research which he is 
authorized to conduct by subsection (a) of section 307 of this title. In 
addition, the Secretary may use the funds appropriated to carry out this 
section, either independently or in cooperation with other Federal 
departments or agencies, for making grants to or contracting with State 
or local agencies, institutions, and individuals for (1) training or 
education of highway safety personnel, (2) research fellowships in 
highway safety, (3) development of improved accident investigation 
procedures, (4) emergency service plans, (5) demonstration projects, and 
(6) related activities which the Secretary deems will promote the 
purposes of this section. The Secretary shall assure that no fees are 
charged for any meetings or services attendant thereto or other 
activities relating to training and education of highway safety 
personnel.''
    Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 102-240, Sec. 2003(a), added subsec. (b) and 
struck out former subsec. (b) which read as follows: ``In addition to 
the research authorized by subsection (a) of this section, the 
Secretary, in consultation with such other Government and private 
agencies as may be necessary, is authorized to carry out safety research 
on the following:
        ``(1) The relationship between the consumption and use of drugs 
    and their effect upon highway safety and drivers of motor vehicles; 
    and
        ``(2) Driver behavior research, including the characteristics of 
    driver performance, the relationships of mental and physical 
    abilities or disabilities to the driving task, and the relationship 
    of frequency of driver accident involvement to highway safety.''
    Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 102-240, Sec. 2003(c), substituted 
``subsections (a) and (b)'' for ``subsection (b)''.
    Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 102-240, Sec. 2003(b), added subsec. (f) and 
struck out former subsec. (f) which read as follows: ``In addition to 
the research authorized by subsection (a) of this section, the Secretary 
shall carry out research, development, and demonstration projects to 
improve and evaluate the effectiveness of various types of driver 
education programs in reducing traffic accidents and deaths, injuries, 
and property damage resulting therefrom. The research, development, and 
demonstration projects authorized by this subsection may be carried out 
by the Secretary through grants and contracts with public and private 
agencies, institutions, and individuals. The Secretary shall report to 
the Congress by July 1, 1975, and each year thereafter during the 
continuance of the program, on the research, development, and 
demonstration projects authorized by this subsection, and shall include 
in such report an evaluation of the effectiveness of driver education 
programs in reducing traffic accidents and deaths, injuries, and 
property damage resulting therefrom.''
    1973--Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 93-87, Secs. 208(a), 220, designated 
existing provisions as subsec. (a); substituted in first sentence ``this 
subsection'' for ``this section''; substituted in second sentence ``for 
making grants to or contracting with State or local agencies, 
institutions, and individuals for (1) training or education of highway 
safety personnel'' for ``for (1) grants to State or local agencies, 
institutions, and individuals for training or education of highway 
safety personnel'' and ``(6) related activities which the Secretary 
deems will promote the purposes of this section'' for (6) related 
activities which are deemed by the Secretary to be necessary to carry 
out the purposes of this section''; and inserted requirement that the 
Secretary assure that no fees be charged for any meeting or services 
attendant thereto or other activities relating to training and education 
of highway safety personnel.
    Subsecs. (b), (c). Pub. L. 93-87, Sec. 208(a), added subsecs. (b) 
and (c).
    Subsecs. (d) to (f). Pub. L. 93-87, Secs. 221, 222, 226(a), 
added subsecs. (d) to (f).
                    Effective Date of 2005 Amendment

    Amendment by section 2003(a), (b) of Pub. L. 109-59 effective Oct. 
1, 2005, see section 2022 of Pub. L. 109-59, set out as a note under 
section 402 of this title.
                    Effective Date of 1991 Amendment

    Amendment by Pub. L. 102-240, except as otherwise provided, 
effective Dec. 18, 1991, and applicable to funds authorized to be 
appropriated or made available after Sept. 30, 1991, and not applicable 
to funds appropriated or made available on or before Dec. 18, 1991, see 
section 2008 of Pub. L. 102-240, set out as a note under section 402 of 
this title.
                  Termination of Reporting Requirements

    For termination, effective May 15, 2000, of provisions of law 
requiring submittal to Congress of any annual, semiannual, or other 
regular periodic report listed in House Document No. 103-7 (in which a 
report required under subsec. (e) of this section is listed on page 
134), see section 3003 of Pub. L. 104-66, as amended, set out as a note 
under section 1113 of Title 31, Money and Finance.
        Research on Distracted, Inattentive, and Fatigued Drivers

    Pub. L. 109-59, title II, Sec. 2003(d), Aug. 10, 2005, 119 Stat. 
1523, provided that: ``In conducting research under section 403(a)(3) of 
title 23, United States Code, the Secretary [of Transportation] shall 
carry out not less than 2 demonstration projects to evaluate new and 
innovative means of combating traffic system problems caused by 
distracted, inattentive, or fatigued drivers. The demonstration projects 
shall be in addition to any other research carried out under such 
section.''
                    Drug-Impaired Driving Enforcement

    Pub. L. 109-59, title II, Sec. 2013, Aug. 10, 2005, 119 Stat. 1539, 
provided that:
    ``(a) Illicit Drug.--In this section, the term `illicit drug' 
includes substances listed in schedules I through V of section 112(e) 
[202(c)] of the Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. 812) not obtained 
by a legal and valid prescription.
    ``(b) Duties.--The Secretary [of Transportation] shall--
        ``(1) advise and coordinate with other Federal agencies on how 
    to address the problem of driving under the influence of an illegal 
    drug; and
        ``(2) conduct research on the prevention, detection, and 
    prosecution of driving under the influence of an illegal drug.
    ``(c) Report.--
        ``(1) In general.--Not later than 18 months after the date of 
    enactment of this Act [Aug. 10, 2005], the Secretary [of 
    Transportation], in cooperation with the National Institutes of 
    Health, shall submit to Congress a report on the problem of drug-
    impaired driving.
        ``(2) Contents.--The report shall include, at a minimum, the 
    following:
            ``(A) An assessment of methodologies and technologies for 
        measuring driver impairment resulting from use of the most 
        common illicit drugs (including the use of such drugs in 
        combination with alcohol).
            ``(B) Effective and efficient methods for training law 
        enforcement personnel, including drug recognition experts, to 
        detect or measure the level of impairment of a driver who is 
        under the influence of an illicit drug by the use of technology 
        or otherwise.
            ``(C) A description of the role of drugs as causal factor in 
        traffic crashes and the extent of the problem of drug-impaired 
        driving.
            ``(D) A description and assessment of current State and 
        Federal laws relating to drug-impaired driving.
            ``(E) Recommendations for addressing the problem of drug-
        impaired driving, including recommendations on levels of 
        impairment.
            ``(F) Recommendations for developing a model statute 
        relating to drug-impaired driving.
    ``(d) Model Statute.--
        ``(1) In general.--The Secretary [of Transportation] shall 
    develop a model statute for States relating to drug-impaired 
    driving.
        ``(2) Contents.--Based on recommendations and findings contained 
    in the report submitted under subsection (c), the model statute may 
    include--
            ``(A) threshold levels of impairment for illicit drugs;
            ``(B) practicable methods for detecting the presence of 
        illicit drugs; and
            ``(C) penalties for drug impaired driving.
        ``(3) Date.--The model statute shall be provided to States not 
    later than 1 year after date of submission of the report under 
    subsection (c).
    ``(e) Research and Development.--[Amended section 403(b) of this 
title.]
    ``(f) Funding.--Out of amounts made available to carry out section 
403 of title 23, United States Code, for each of fiscal years 2006 
through 2009, the Secretary [of Transportation] shall make available 
$1,200,000 for such fiscal year to carry out this section.''
                             Safety Studies

    Pub. L. 105-178, title II, Sec. 2007, June 9, 1998, 112 Stat. 336, 
provided that:
    ``(a) Blowout Resistant Tires Study.--The Secretary shall conduct a 
study on the benefit to public safety of the use of blowout resistant 
tires on commercial motor vehicles and the potential to decrease the 
incidence of accidents and fatalities from accidents occurring as a 
result of blown out tires.
    ``(b) School Bus Occupant Safety Study.--The Secretary shall conduct 
a study to assess occupant safety in school buses. The study shall 
examine available information about occupant safety and analyze options 
for improving occupant safety.
    ``(c) Reports.--Not later than 2 years after the date of enactment 
of this Act [June 9, 1998], the Secretary shall transmit to Congress a 
report on the results of each study conducted under this section.
    ``(d) Limitation on Funding.--The Secretary may not expend more than 
$200,000 from funds made available by section 403 of title 23, United 
States Code, for conducting each study under this section.''
                      School Transportation Safety

    Pub. L. 105-178, title IV, Sec. 4030, June 9, 1998, 112 Stat. 418, 
provided that:
    ``(a) Study.--Not later than 3 months after the date of enactment of 
this Act [June 9, 1998], the Secretary shall offer to enter into an 
agreement with the Transportation Research Board of the National Academy 
of Sciences to conduct, subject to the availability of appropriations, a 
study of the safety issues attendant to the transportation of school 
children to and from school and school-related activities by various 
transportation modes.
    ``(b) Terms of Agreement.--The agreement under subsection (a) shall 
provide that--
        ``(1) the Transportation Research Board, in conducting the 
    study, shall consider--
            ``(A) in consultation with the National Transportation 
        Safety Board, the Bureau of Transportation Statistics, and other 
        relevant entities, available crash injury data;
            ``(B) vehicle design and driver training requirements, 
        routing, and operational factors that affect safety; and
            ``(C) other factors that the Secretary considers to be 
        appropriate;
        ``(2) if the data referred to in paragraph (1)(A) is unavailable 
    or insufficient, the Transportation Research Board shall recommend a 
    new data collection regimen and implementation guidelines; and
        ``(3) a panel shall conduct the study and shall include--
            ``(A) representatives of--
                ``(i) highway safety organizations;
                ``(ii) school transportation;
                ``(iii) mass transportation operators;
                ``(iv) employee organizations; and
                ``(v) bicycling organizations;
            ``(B) academic and policy analysts; and
            ``(C) other interested parties.
    ``(c) Report.--Not later than 12 months after the Secretary enters 
into an agreement under subsection (a), the Secretary shall transmit to 
the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate and 
the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of 
Representatives a report that contains the results of the study.
    ``(d) Authorization.--There are authorized to be appropriated to the 
Department of Transportation to carry out this section $200,000 for 
fiscal year 2000 and $200,000 for fiscal year 2001. Such sums shall 
remain available until expended.''
                Drug Recognition Expert Training Program

    Section 2006 of Pub. L. 102-240 provided that:
    ``(a) Establishment.--The Secretary, acting through the National 
Highway Traffic Safety Administration, shall establish a regional 
program for implementation of drug recognition programs and for training 
law enforcement officers (including enforcement officials under the 
motor carrier safety assistance program) to recognize and identify 
individuals who are operating a motor vehicle while under the influence 
of alcohol or one or more controlled substances or other drugs.
    ``(b) Advisory Committee.--The Secretary shall establish a citizens 
advisory committee that shall report to Congress annually on the 
progress of the implementation of subsection (a). Members of the 
committee shall include 1 member of each of the following: Mothers 
Against Drunk Driving; a narcotics control organization; American 
Medical Association; American Bar Association; and such other 
organizations as the Secretary deems appropriate. The committee shall be 
subject to the provisions of the [Federal] Advisory Committee Act [5 
U.S.C. App.] and shall terminate 2 years after the date of the enactment 
of this Act [Dec. 18, 1991].
    ``(c) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be 
appropriated out of the Highway Trust Fund (other than the Mass Transit 
Account) to carry out this section $4,000,000 for each of fiscal years 
1992 through 1997.
    ``(d) Definition.--For purposes of this section, the term 
`controlled substance' means any controlled substance, as defined under 
section 102(6) of the Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. 802(6)), 
whose use the Secretary has determined poses a risk to transportation 
safety.''
           Pilot Program for Drug Recognition Expert Training

    Pub. L. 100-690, title IX, Sec. 9004, Nov. 18, 1988, 102 Stat. 4525, 
provided that:
    ``(a) Establishment.--The Secretary of Transportation, acting 
through the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, shall 
establish a 3-year pilot, regional program for training law enforcement 
officers to recognize and identify individuals who are operating a motor 
vehicle while under the influence of alcohol or 1 or more controlled 
substances or other drugs.
    ``(b) Report.--Not later than 1 year after the completion of the 
pilot program under this section, the Secretary of Transportation shall 
transmit to Congress a report on the effectiveness of such pilot program 
together with any recommendations.
    ``(c) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be 
appropriated to carry out this section $5,000,000 for fiscal year 1989, 
$7,000,000 for fiscal year 1990, and $9,000,000 for fiscal year 1991. 
Such sums shall remain available until expended.''
       Pilot Grant Program for Random Testing for Illegal Drug Use

    Pub. L. 100-690, title IX, Sec. 9005, Nov. 18, 1988, 102 Stat. 4526, 
provided that:
    ``(a) Establishment of Pilot Program.--The Secretary shall design, 
within 9 months after the date of the enactment of this Act [Nov. 18, 
1988], and implement, within 15 months after the date of the enactment 
of this Act, a pilot State grant program for the purpose of testing 
individuals described in subsection (e)(1) to determine whether such 
individuals have used, without lawful authorization, a controlled 
substance.
    ``(b) State Participation.--The Secretary shall solicit the 
participation of States from those States interested in participating in 
such a program not more than 4 States to participate in the program.
    ``(c) State Selection Process.--The Secretary shall ensure that the 
selection made pursuant to this section is representative of varying 
geographical and population characteristics of the Nation, and takes 
into consideration the historical geographical incidence of motor 
vehicle accidents involving loss of human life. In selecting the States 
for participation, the Secretary shall attempt to solicit States which 
meet the following criteria:
        ``(1) One of the States shall be a western State which is one of 
    the 3 most populous States, with numerous large cities, with at 
    least one city exceeding 7,000,000 people. The State should have a 
    diverse demographic population with larger than average drug use 
    according to reliable surveys.
        ``(2) One of the remaining States should be a southern State, 
    one a northeastern State, and one a central State.
        ``(3) One of the remaining States should be mainly rural and 
    among the least populous States.
        ``(4) One of the remaining States should have less than average 
    drug use according to reliable surveys.
    ``(d) Length of Program.--The pilot program authorized by this 
section shall continue for a period of 1 year. The Secretary shall 
consider alternative methodologies for implementing a system of random 
testing of such individuals.
    ``(e) Requirements for State Participation.--
        ``(1) Persons to be tested.--Each State participating in the 
    test program shall test for controlled substances in accordance with 
    paragraph (2) individuals who--
            ``(A) are applicants seeking the privilege to drive, and
            ``(B) have never been issued a driver's license by any 
        State.
        ``(2) Types of testing.--To deter drug use and promote highway 
    safety, all individuals described in paragraph (1) shall be subject 
    to random testing--
            ``(A) prior to issuance of driver's licenses, and
            ``(B) during the first year following the date of issuance 
        of such licenses.
        ``(3) Denial of driving privileges.--Each State participating in 
    the test program shall deny an individual driving privileges if drug 
    testing required by paragraph (1) indicates that such individual has 
    used illicit drugs, with such denial lasting for a period of at 
    least 1 year following such test or subsequent confirmatory test.
        ``(4) Reinstitution of driving privileges.--The program 
    described in paragraph (3) may allow for reinstitution of driving 
    privileges after a period of 3 months if such reinstitution is 
    accompanied by a requirement that the individual be available for a 
    period of 9 months for drug testing on a regular basis. If any such 
    test indicates that the individual has used illicit drugs, then 
    driving privileges must be denied for 1 year following such test or 
    confirmatory test.
    ``(f) Regulations.--The Secretary may issue regulations to assist 
States in implementing the programs described in subsection (e) and to 
grant temporary exceptions in appropriate circumstances.
    ``(g) Report.--Not later than 30 months after the date of the 
enactment of this Act [Nov. 18, 1988], the Secretary shall prepare and 
transmit to Congress a comprehensive report setting forth the results of 
the pilot program conducted under this section. Such report shall 
include any recommendations of the Secretary concerning the desirability 
and implementation of a system for random testing of such operators of 
motor vehicles.
    ``(h) Authorization of Appropriations.--For purposes of carrying out 
this test program, there is authorized to be appropriated $5,000,000 for 
fiscal year 1990.
    ``(i) Definitions.--For purposes of this section--
        ``(1) Controlled substance.--The term `controlled substance' 
    means any controlled substance as defined under section 102(6) of 
    the Controlled Substance Act (21 U.S.C. 802(6)) whose use the 
    Secretary has determined poses a risk to transportation safety.
        ``(2) Secretary.--The term `Secretary' means the Secretary of 
    Transportation.
        ``(3) State.--The term `State' has the meaning such term has 
    when used in chapter 1 of title 23, United States Code.''
                Drug and Highway Safety Study and Report

    Pub. L. 99-570, title III, Sec. 3402, Oct. 27, 1986, 100 Stat. 3207-
102, directed Secretary of Transportation to conduct a study to 
determine relationship between usage of controlled substances and 
highway safety and, not later than one year after Oct. 27, 1986, submit 
to Congress a report on results of study.
                     National Driver Register Study

    Pub. L. 95-599, title II, Sec. 204, Nov. 6, 1978, 92 Stat. 2729, 
directed Secretary of Transportation to make a full and complete 
investigation and study of the need for, and, if necessary, ways and 
means to establish, a national driver register to assist States in 
electronically exchanging information regarding motor vehicle driving 
records of certain individuals, with Secretary to issue a final report 
to Congress not later than one year after Nov. 6, 1978.
Detection and Prevention of Marijuana and Other Drug Use by Operators of 
                             Motor Vehicles

    Pub. L. 95-599, title II, Sec. 212, Nov. 6, 1978, 92 Stat. 2734, 
directed Secretary to report to Congress not later than Dec. 31, 1979, 
concerning the progress of efforts to detect and prevent marijuana and 
drug use by motor vehicle operators, capabilities of law enforcement 
officials to detect the use of marijuana and drugs by motor vehicle 
operators, and a description of Federal and State projects undertaken 
into methods of detection and prevention.
    Form and Use of Reports of Highway Traffic Accidents or Research 
                Projects in Court; Availability to Public

    Pub. L. 89-564, title I, Sec. 106, Sept. 9, 1966, 80 Stat. 735, as 
amended by Pub. L. 105-178, title V, Sec. 5119(f), June 9, 1998, 112 
Stat. 452, provided that: ``All facts contained in any report of any 
Federal department or agency or any officer, employee, or agent thereof, 
relating to any highway traffic accident or the investigation thereof 
conducted pursuant to chapter 4 of title 23 of the United States Code 
shall be available for use in any civil, criminal, or other judicial 
proceeding arising out of such accident, and any such officer, employee, 
or agent may be required to testify in such proceedings as to the facts 
developed in such investigation. Any such report shall be made available 
to the public in a manner which does not identify individuals. All 
completed reports on research projects, demonstration projects, and 
other related activities conducted under section 403 and chapter 5 of 
title 23, United States Code, shall be made available to the public in a 
manner which does not identify individuals.''
                      Appropriations Authorizations

    Section 208(b) of Pub. L. 93-87 provided that: ``There is authorized 
to be appropriated to carry out the
amendments made by this section [amending this section] by the National 
Highway Traffic Safety Administration, out of the Highway Trust Fund, 
the sum of $10,000,000 per fiscal year for each of the fiscal years 
ending June 30, 1974, June 30, 1975, and June 30, 1976.''
    Section 226(b) of Pub. L. 93-87 provided that: ``For the purpose of 
carrying out the amendment made by subsection (a) of this section 
[amending this section], there is authorized to be appropriated 
$10,000,000 out of the Highway Trust Fund.''
               Authorization of Additional Appropriations

    Authorization of appropriation of additional sum of $10,000,000 for 
the fiscal year ending June 30, 1967, $20,000,000 for the fiscal year 
ending June 30, 1968, and $25,000,000 for the fiscal year ending June 
30, 1969, for the purpose of carrying out this section and section 
307(a) of this title, see section 105 of Pub. L. 89-564, set out as a 
note under section 307 of this title.