Primary Recipient

TRUSTEES OF THE UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA

Amount

$205,922.00

Award Date

8/24/2009

Administering Agency

National Science Foundation

CDFA Number

47.082

CDFA Program Title

Trans-NSF Recovery Act Reasearch Support

Description

An observational study is an empiric investigation of the effects of a treatment, policy, intervention or exposure which was not randomly assigned to subjects, as it would be in a randomized experiment. Observational studies are common in most fields that