• General issues relating to federal information technology (IT) and the cybersecurity workforce; H.R. 1344/S.516, State Cyber Resiliency Act; S.754, Cyber Scholarships Opportunities Act; draft championing Apprenticeships for New Careers and Employees (CHANCE) in Tech Act; H.R. 1989, the VET TEC Act
• General issues related to cybersecurity training and certification; FY18 National Defense Authorization Act (NDAA), H.R. 1609/S.592, Department of Defense (DoD) Cyber Scholarship Program Act

Duration: May 15, 2013 to May 15, 2017

General Issues: Computer Industry, Defense, Veterans

Spending: about $640,000 (But it's complicated. Here's why.)

It can be tricky to figure out how much an organization spent on a particular lobbying engagement. The law only requires lobbyists to report the amount they were paid for federal lobbying each quarter rounded to the nearest $10,000—and if it's less than $3,000 in a given quarter (or less than $13,000 for organizations with in-house lobbyists), they don't have to disclose it at all. Plus, some organizations include spending that doesn’t belong in the report—for instance, money spent lobbying state governments or other legal work.

Agencies lobbied since 2013: House of Representatives, U.S. Senate, Homeland Security - Dept of (DHS), Treasury - Dept of, Energy - Dept of, State - Dept of (DOS), Office of Personnel Management (OPM), Office of Management & Budget (OMB), Commerce - Dept of (DOC), Small Business Administration (SBA), Defense - Dept of (DOD), Executive Office of the President (EOP), Office of Science & Technology Policy (OSTP), Interior - Dept of (DOI), Social Security Administration (SSA), Transportation - Dept of (DOT), U.S. International Trade Commission (ITC), Labor - Dept of (DOL), Housing & Urban Development - Dept of (HUD), Agriculture - Dept of (USDA), Natl Archives & Records Administration (NARA), Natl Institute of Standards & Technology (NIST), Natl Aeronautics & Space Administration (NASA), Veterans Affairs - Dept of (VA), Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC), Health & Human Services - Dept of (HHS), Education - Dept of, U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID), Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), General Services Administration (GSA), Navy - Dept of, Army - Dept of (Other), Air Force - Dept of, White House Office, Small Business Adminstration (SBA)