• Matters generally related to biomedical vaccines, biomedical therapeutics, biodefense, and pandemic preparedness; general interest in H.R. 5498, the WMD Prevention and Preparedness Act of 2010; section 4155 of the House amendment to the Senate-passed version of H.R. 4899 which would have transferred funding out of the BioShield Special Reserve Fund.

Duration: January 1, 2008 to October 31, 2010

General Issues: Defense

Spending: about $680,000 (But it's complicated. Here's why.)

It can be tricky to figure out how much an organization spent on a particular lobbying engagement. The law only requires lobbyists to report the amount they were paid for federal lobbying each quarter rounded to the nearest $10,000—and if it's less than $3,000 in a given quarter (or less than $13,000 for organizations with in-house lobbyists), they don't have to disclose it at all. Plus, some organizations include spending that doesn’t belong in the report—for instance, money spent lobbying state governments or other legal work.

Agencies lobbied since 2008: House of Representatives, U.S. Senate, Health & Human Services - Dept of (HHS), Homeland Security - Dept of (DHS), U.S. Senate,