• Telecommunications generally; Universal Service Fund and E-911 issues, Unfunded mandates, and Spectrum Auction. H.R.2054, Universal Service Reform Act of 2007, Universal service. S.2033, Cell Phone Consumer Empowerment Act of 2007, Consumer related issues.

Duration: November 1, 2007 to February 1, 2009

General Issues: Telecommunications, Alcohol & Drug Abuse

Spending: about $170,000 (But it's complicated. Here's why.)

It can be tricky to figure out how much an organization spent on a particular lobbying engagement. The law only requires lobbyists to report the amount they were paid for federal lobbying each quarter rounded to the nearest $10,000—and if it's less than $3,000 in a given quarter (or less than $13,000 for organizations with in-house lobbyists), they don't have to disclose it at all. Plus, some organizations include spending that doesn’t belong in the report—for instance, money spent lobbying state governments or other legal work.

Agencies lobbied since 2007: House of Representatives, U.S. Senate, Federal Communications Commission (FCC), Y Y Federal Communications Commission