• H.R. 2638 - Consolidated Security, Disaster Assistance, and Continuing Appropriations Act, 2009. S. 3001 - National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2009. S. 1500 IS - Support for Democracy and Human Rights in Zimbabwe Act of 2007. S. 3263 Enhanced Partnership with Pakistan Act of 2008.S. 3288 - Department of State, Foreign Operations, and Related Programs Appropriations Act, 2009. H.R. 6387 - Afghanistan-Pakistan Security and Prosperity Enhancement Act. HRES 823 IH - Condemning the imposition of emergency rule in Pakistan. H.R. 5927 - International Violence Against Women Act of 2008. S. 2135 - The Child Soldiers Accountability Act of 2008. S. 3177 - A bill to develop a policy to address the critical needs of Iraqi refugees. H.R. 6328 - To develop a policy to address the critical needs of Iraqi refugees. H.R. 522 IH - Haitian Protection Act of 2007. HRES 241 - Urging multilateral financial institutions to cancel completely and immediately Haitis debts to such institutions, and for other purposes. H Con Res 438 - Expressing the sense of Congress with regard to providing humanitarian assistance to countries of the Caribbean devastated by Hurricanes Gustav and Ike and Tropical Storms Fay and Hanna. Latin America & Caribbean Counter-narcotics policy in the Americas: recommendations on fundamental review of existing demand and supply reduction policies, on modifications needed and on new institutional requirements. OAS: recommendations on reviewing failed US, European, and Latin American counter-drug policies. Mexico: recommendations on the new Mexican counterdrug initiative. Haiti: consultations on the vacant prime minister position and recommendations on potential strategy following recent food riots; extension of UN peacekeeping mandate; interdicting cocaine shipments to Haiti; vetting of Haitian National police; addressing delays in implementation of section 1207 plan in Cite Soleil; supporting Haitian-American volunteer program; establishing a hybrid Caribbean tribunal to address transnational crime and rebuilding prisons; and security sector reform. Bolivia: recommendations on the role of the OAS and options for encouraging others to promote positive engagement negotiations between the Morales government and state department prefects; reducing drug trafficking; supporting rural development; bridging the growing divide concerning Moraless new constitution; and the aftermath of the 10 August referendum. Colombia: recommendations on supporting the governments legal apparatus while attempting to encourage reform of drug policies; balancing economic/military aid; the human rights certification process; the parapolitical scandal; the bilateral free trade agreement; counter-drug policy in the Andes; dealing with sustainable security involving ending impunity and strengthening state services and economic futures in rural Colombia in response to the hostage rescue; concerns regarding Colombian attorney general and victims groups access to extradited paramilitary officials in order to obtain information concerning the paramilitary group structure and official links, whereabouts of mass graves, and illegal assets; major shifts in Plan Colombia counter-narcotics policies; major gap in absence of Colombian national rural development policy; downplaying aerial eradication; expanded alternative development; crucial importance of law enforcement; and more civilian focus on state presence in areas captured from the FARC.Venezuela: recommendations on the near-complete removal of checks and balances; military domination of civilian agencies; counter-drug programs and reducing drug trafficking; the absence of international vote observation and continued exclusion of substantial numbers of opposition candidates. Eastern Europe Georgia: recommendations on U.S. policy response to the war in Georgia; addressing the post-conflict situation; and improving democratic reforms, with a focus on media and judiciary. Kosovo: recommendations on supporting Kosovos independence, discouraging potential spoilers and dealing with de facto partition trend line in the north. Serbia: recommendations related to Serbian refusal to cooperate with ICTY; Serbian views on partition and actions on Kosovo status; EU integration; relations with Russia; U.S. policy towards Serbia; and recommendations for action to arrest Mladic and to avoid any immediate relaxation of sanctions. Bosnia: recommendations on continued sanctions and Bosnias refusal to turn indicted war criminals over to ICTY. Asia Timor-Leste: recommendations on IDPs and the Truth and Friendship Commission. Thailand: recommendations on insurgent groups and the need to recognize that they are a classic separatist movement. Indonesia: recommendations on addressing radical Islam; religious tensions in Papua; and maintaining focus on Aceh. Afghanistan: recommendations on security sector reform; programs on counter-narcotics, judicial reform, anti-corruption, and rule of law; improved coordination with US and international civilian and military structures; greater action on Taliban/al Qaeda by new Pakistan government; police training; and recommendations against arming militias. Bangladesh: recommendations on elections and support for elections monitoring. Pakistan: recommendations on US strategy to support Pakistans new civilian government, with particular focus on governance and rule of law; accountability for coalition support funds of Musharraf regime; improving border security and conditioning aid on related benchmarks designed to end Taliban sanctuaries; pressing for FATA to be incorporated into the Pakistani state; reversal of Emergency Rule and reinstatement of constitution and judges; conduct of 2008 elections; and closing down Jihadi madrassas. Uzbekistan: recommendations on trade and aid sanctions related to Andijan massacre and lack of democratic reforms. Sri Lanka: recommendations on U.S. aid to Sri Lanka; lack of progress on human rights issues; and pressing for GoSL to provide humanitarian access in regions Sri Lankan government was undertaking major military attacks. Nepal: recommendations in support of a democratic transition, elections, security sector reform and human rights; recommendations on inter-agency collaboration and developing five-year Country Assistance Strategy. Africa Ivory Coast: recommendations on international communitys role in the upcoming November elections. Somalia: recommendations on political reconciliation, security and presence of peacekeeping troops. Chad: recommendations on mediation talks between conflicting parties, peacekeeping options, displaced persons, and EUFOR. Sudan: recommendations on US policy options; intensified U.S. engagement in Darfur; deployment of UN commanded hybrid forces; implementation of CPA; ICC action; deployment of UNAMID; and concern over lack of priority given to political process. Congo: recommendations on addressing root causes of the conflict to move to post-conflict reconstruction; post-election security sector reform, including support for UN mission, implementation of disarmament in Eastern Congo and MONUCs failure to halt new violence in Eastern Congo against civilians, and providing space for the political opposition; 2009 local elections; supporting Obasanjo/Mkapa political process with clear U.S. messages to Kabila and Kagame; civilian humanitarian protection and strong reinforcement of MONUC; and the downside of Angola force intervention. Uganda: recommendations on US policies dealing with the LRA. Kenya: spotlighting human rights abuses stemming from post-election violence; recommendations on supporting international R2P response; supporting coalition government; support of IDPs; and support for commission of inquiry into election violence. Ethiopia/Eritrea border dispute: recommendation on support for renewed efforts at implementing international border tribunal findings; reversing UN removal; cross-border development; and finalizing new border arrangements. Zimbabwe: recommendations on US strategy vis-a-vis coalition government with Mugabe and MDC designed to respect MDC electoral win; ending human rights abuses by Mugabe security forces; and providing options for ending Mugabe regimes refusal to accept transition. Liberia: recommendations on additional support for reconstruction efforts and security sector reform. Nigeria: recommendations on response to failed elections and growing crisis in the Niger Delta. Ethiopia/Eritrea: recommendations to the US to reverse slide toward new border war and issues related to compliance with EEBC agreement. Middle East Iraq: recommendations on post-surge strategy, how to deal with the Sadirists, and what steps need to take place for a future US troop withdrawal; recommendations addressing intra-Shiite conflict; the political situation in Kirkuk; provincial elections; refugees; long term security agreement between the US and Iraq; oil; and governance in Kurdistan. Israel/Arab: recommendations on the peace process, the Palestinian Government of National Unity, and Hamas role. Syria: recommendations on future Syrian-US relations and Syrian/Israel conflict resolution. Lebanon: recommendations on recent surge of violence and growing crisis. Iran: recommendations on how the U.S. might engage; and on nuclear standoff.
• H.R. 2638 - Consolidated Security, Disaster Assistance, and Continuing Appropriations Act, 2009. S. 3001 - National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2009. S. 1500 IS - Support for Democracy and Human Rights in Zimbabwe Act of 2007. S. 3263 Enhanced Partnership with Pakistan Act of 2008.S. 3288 - Department of State, Foreign Operations, and Related Programs Appropriations Act, 2009. H.R. 6387 - Afghanistan-Pakistan Security and Prosperity Enhancement Act. HRES 823 IH - Condemning the imposition of emergency rule in Pakistan. H.R. 5927 - International Violence Against Women Act of 2008. S. 2135 - The Child Soldiers Accountability Act of 2008. S. 3177 - A bill to develop a policy to address the critical needs of Iraqi refugees. H.R. 6328 - To develop a policy to address the critical needs of Iraqi refugees. H.R. 522 IH - Haitian Protection Act of 2007. HRES 241 - Urging multilateral financial institutions to cancel completely and immediately Haitis debts to such institutions, and for other purposes. H Con Res 438 - Expressing the sense of Congress with regard to providing humanitarian assistance to countries of the Caribbean devastated by Hurricanes Gustav and Ike and Tropical Storms Fay and Hanna. Latin America & Caribbean Counter-narcotics policy in the Americas: recommendations on fundamental review of existing demand and supply reduction policies, on modifications needed and on new institutional requirements. OAS: recommendations on reviewing failed US, European, and Latin American counter-drug policies. Mexico: recommendations on the new Mexican counterdrug initiative. Haiti: consultations on the vacant prime minister position and recommendations on potential strategy following recent food riots; extension of UN peacekeeping mandate; interdicting cocaine shipments to Haiti; vetting of Haitian National police; addressing delays in implementation of section 1207 plan in Cite Soleil; supporting Haitian-American volunteer program; establishing a hybrid Caribbean tribunal to address transnational crime; rebuilding prisons; and security sector reform. Bolivia: recommendations on the role of the OAS and options for encouraging others to promote positive engagement negotiations between the Morales government and state department prefects; reducing drug trafficking; supporting rural development; bridging the growing divide concerning Moraless new constitution; and the aftermath of the 10 August referendum. Colombia: recommendations on supporting the governments legal apparatus while attempting to encourage reform of drug policies; balancing economic/military aid; the human rights certification process; the parapolitical scandal; bilateral free trade agreement; counter-drug policy in the Andes; dealing with sustainable security involving ending impunity and strengthening state services and economic futures in rural Colombia in response to the hostage rescue; concerns regarding Colombian attorney general and victims groups access to extradited paramilitary officials in order to obtain information concerning the paramilitary group structure and official links, whereabouts of mass graves, and illegal assets; recommendations for major shifts in Plan Colombia counternarcotics policies; major gap in absence of Colombian national rural development policy; downplaying aerial eradication; expanded alternative development; crucial importance of law enforcement; and more civilian focus on state presence in areas captured from the FARC. Venezuela: recommendations on the near complete removal of checks and balances; military domination of civilian agencies; counter-drug programs and reducing drug trafficking; the absence of international vote observation and continued exclusion of substantial numbers of opposition candidates. Eastern Europe Georgia: recommendations on U.S. policy response to the war in Georgia, addressing the post-conflict situation, and improving democratic reforms, with a focus on media and judiciary. Kosovo: recommendations on supporting Kosovos independence, discouraging potential spoilers and dealing with de facto partition trend line in the north. Serbia: recommendations related to Serbian refusal to cooperate with ICTY; Serbian views on partition and actions on Kosovo status; EU integration; relations with Russia; U.S. policy towards Serbia; recommendations for action to arrest Mladic; and to avoid any immediate relaxation of sanctions. Bosnia: recommendations on continued sanctions and Bosnias refusal to turn indicted war criminals over to ICTY. Asia Timor-Leste: recommendations on IDPs and the Truth and Friendship Commission. Thailand: recommendations on insurgent groups and the need to recognize that they are a classic separatist movement. Indonesia: recommendations on addressing radical Islam; religious tensions in Papua; and maintaining focus on Aceh. Afghanistan: recommendations on security sector reform; programs on counter-narcotics, judicial reform, anti-corruption, and rule of law; improved coordination with US and international civilian and military structures; greater action on Taliban/al Qaeda by new Pakistan government; police training; and recommendations against arming militias. Bangladesh: recommendations on elections and support for elections monitoring. Pakistan: recommendations on US strategy to support Pakistans new civilian government with particular focus on governance and rule of law; accountability for coalition support funds of Musharraf regime; improving border security; conditioning aid on related benchmarks designed to end Taliban sanctuaries; pressing for FATA to be incorporated into the Pakistani state; reversal of Emergency Rule and reinstatement of constitution and judges; conduct of 2008 elections; and closing down Jihadi madrassas. Uzbekistan: recommendations on trade and aid sanctions related to Andijan massacre and lack of democratic reforms. Sri Lanka: recommendations on U.S. aid to Sri Lanka; lack of progress on human rights issues and pressing for GoSL to provide humanitarian access in regions Sri Lankan government was undertaking major military attacks. Nepal: recommendations in support of a democratic transition, elections, security sector reform and human rights; recommendations on inter-agency collaboration and developing five-year Country Assistance Strategy. Africa Ivory Coast: recommendations on international communitys role in the upcoming November elections. Somalia: recommendations on political reconciliation, security and presence of peacekeeping troops. Chad: recommendations on mediation talks between conflicting parties; peacekeeping options; displaced persons; and EUFOR. Sudan: recommendations on US policy options; intensified U.S. engagement in Darfur; deployment of UN commanded hybrid forces; implementation of CPA; ICC action; deployment of UNAMID; and concern over lack of priority given to political process. Congo: recommendations on addressing root causes of the conflict to move to post-conflict reconstruction; post-election security sector reform, including support for UN mission; implementation of disarmament in Eastern Congo and MONUCs failure to halt new violence in Eastern Congo against civilians, and providing space for the political opposition; 2009 local elections; supporting Obasanjo/Mkapa political process with clear U.S. messages to Kabila and Kagame; civilian humanitarian protection; strong reinforcement of MONUC; and the downside of Angola force intervention. Uganda: recommendations on US policies dealing with the LRA. Kenya: spotlighting human rights abuses stemming from post-election violence; recommendations on supporting international R2P response; supporting coalition government; support of IDPs; and support for commission of inquiry into election violence. Ethiopia/Eritrea border dispute: recommendations on support for renewed efforts at implementing international border tribunal findings; recommendations on reversing UN removal; cross-border development; and finalizing new border arrangements. Zimbabwe: recommendations on US strategy vis-a-vis coalition government with Mugabe and MDC designed to respect MDC electoral win; ending human rights abuses by Mugabe security forces; and providing options for ending Mugabe regimes refusal to accept transition. Liberia: recommendations on additional support for reconstruction efforts and security sector reform. Nigeria: recommendations on response to failed elections and growing crisis in the Niger Delta. Ethiopia/Eritrea: recommendations to the US to reverse slide toward new border war and issues related to compliance with EEBC agreement. Middle East Iraq: recommendations on post-surge strategy; how to deal with the Sadirists; steps to take place for a future US troop withdrawal; recommendations addressing intra-Shiite conflict the political situation in Kirkuk; provincial elections; refugees; long term security agreement between the US and Iraq; oil; and governance in Kurdistan. Israel/Arab: recommendations on peace process, the Palestinian Government of National Unity, and Hamas role. Syria: recommendations on future Syrian-US relations and Syrian/Israel conflict resolution. Lebanon: recommendations on recent surge of violence and growing crisis. Iran: recommendations on how the U.S. might engage; and on nuclear standoff.

Duration: January 1, 2008 to June 30, 2015

General Issues: Defense, Foreign Relations

Spending: about $800,000 (But it's complicated. Here's why.)

It can be tricky to figure out how much an organization spent on a particular lobbying engagement. The law only requires lobbyists to report the amount they were paid for federal lobbying each quarter rounded to the nearest $10,000—and if it's less than $3,000 in a given quarter (or less than $13,000 for organizations with in-house lobbyists), they don't have to disclose it at all. Plus, some organizations include spending that doesn’t belong in the report—for instance, money spent lobbying state governments or other legal work.

Agencies lobbied since 2008: House of Representatives, U.S. Senate, Defense - Dept of (DOD), Natl Security Council (NSC), State - Dept of (DOS), Treasury - Dept of, U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID), U.S. Trade Representative (USTR)