• Appropriations and Defense issues

Duration: September 3, 2019 to December 30, 2022

General Issues: Defense, Manufacturing

Spending: about $20,000 (But it's complicated. Here's why.)

It can be tricky to figure out how much an organization spent on a particular lobbying engagement. The law only requires lobbyists to report the amount they were paid for federal lobbying each quarter rounded to the nearest $10,000—and if it's less than $3,000 in a given quarter (or less than $13,000 for organizations with in-house lobbyists), they don't have to disclose it at all. Plus, some organizations include spending that doesn’t belong in the report—for instance, money spent lobbying state governments or other legal work.

Agencies lobbied since 2019: U.S. Senate, House of Representatives, Office of Science & Technology Policy (OSTP), Natl Aeronautics & Space Administration (NASA), Defense - Dept of (DOD)