• P.L. 117-328, FY 2023 Consolidated Appropriations Act, Division C, Defense, Issues pertaining to sensors, Army Corps of Engineers, and the National Security Agency. P.L. 117-328, FY 2023 Consolidated Appropriations Act, Division B, Commerce, Justice, Science and Related Agencies, Issues pertaining to NSF and economic development. P.L. 117-328, FY 2023 Consolidated Appropriations Act, Division H, Labor, Health and Human Services, Education, and Related Agencies, Issues pertaining to biomedical research and education.

Duration: June 2, 2022 to April 1, 2023

General Issues: Budget/Appropriations, Science/Technology, Education, Defense, Health Issues

Spending: about $0 (But it's complicated. Here's why.)

It can be tricky to figure out how much an organization spent on a particular lobbying engagement. The law only requires lobbyists to report the amount they were paid for federal lobbying each quarter rounded to the nearest $10,000—and if it's less than $3,000 in a given quarter (or less than $13,000 for organizations with in-house lobbyists), they don't have to disclose it at all. Plus, some organizations include spending that doesn’t belong in the report—for instance, money spent lobbying state governments or other legal work.

Agencies lobbied since 2022: U.S. Senate, House of Representatives