• Regulation of securities markets, including provision of market data, valuation of fixed-income securities and illiquid instruments, and liquidity in fixed-income markets.

Duration: September 1, 2011 to March 31, 2016

General Issues: Financial Institutions/Investments/Securities, Commodities (Big Ticket)

Spending: about $510,000 (But it's complicated. Here's why.)

It can be tricky to figure out how much an organization spent on a particular lobbying engagement. The law only requires lobbyists to report the amount they were paid for federal lobbying each quarter rounded to the nearest $10,000—and if it's less than $3,000 in a given quarter (or less than $13,000 for organizations with in-house lobbyists), they don't have to disclose it at all. Plus, some organizations include spending that doesn’t belong in the report—for instance, money spent lobbying state governments or other legal work.

Agencies lobbied since 2011: House of Representatives, U.S. Senate, Federal Reserve System, Securities & Exchange Commission (SEC), Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC), Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (OCC), Treasury - Dept of, U.S. Senate,, Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC)