• Automotive safety, research and development, technology, interoperability and emergency communications issues, manufacturing competitiveness, SAFETEA-LU implementationFY 06 and FY 07 DOT appropriations - automotive R&D, technology, safety and communications issues, FY 06 and FY 07 DOJ and DHS appropriations - emergency communications interoperability.

Duration: November 1, 2007 to December 31, 2006

General Issues: Homeland Security, Communications/Broadcasting/Radio/TV, Law Enforcement/Crime/Criminal Justice, Transportation, Automotive Industry, Manufacturing, Trade (Domestic & Foreign)

Spending: about $0 (But it's complicated. Here's why.)

It can be tricky to figure out how much an organization spent on a particular lobbying engagement. The law only requires lobbyists to report the amount they were paid for federal lobbying each quarter rounded to the nearest $10,000—and if it's less than $3,000 in a given quarter (or less than $13,000 for organizations with in-house lobbyists), they don't have to disclose it at all. Plus, some organizations include spending that doesn’t belong in the report—for instance, money spent lobbying state governments or other legal work.

Agencies lobbied since 2007: Y Y Department of Homeland Security, Y Y, Y Y Department of Justice, Y Y Department of Transportation