• S.3230, Departments of Labor, Health and Human Services, and Education, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, FY2009, Education funding issues. S.3182/H.R.7322, Commerce, Justice, Science, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, FY2009, NASA science, aeronautics and exploration account, and exploration funding.
• No lobbying activity.
• S.3182/H.R.7322, Commerce, Justice, Science, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, FY2009, NASA science, aeronautics and exploration account, and exploration funding; and commercial space policy and opportunities.

Duration: November 1, 2007 to October 31, 2008

General Issues: Budget/Appropriations, Education, Science/Technology, Aerospace, Transportation

Spending: about $50,000 (But it's complicated. Here's why.)

It can be tricky to figure out how much an organization spent on a particular lobbying engagement. The law only requires lobbyists to report the amount they were paid for federal lobbying each quarter rounded to the nearest $10,000—and if it's less than $3,000 in a given quarter (or less than $13,000 for organizations with in-house lobbyists), they don't have to disclose it at all. Plus, some organizations include spending that doesn’t belong in the report—for instance, money spent lobbying state governments or other legal work.

Agencies lobbied since 2007: House of Representatives, U.S. Senate, Natl Aeronautics & Space Administration (NASA), Y Y National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Y Y, N N