• Department of Defense Authorizations and Appropriations, Department of Housing and Urban Development and Independent Agencies Appropriations for manufacturing and National Center for Manufacturing Sciences.

Duration: January 1, 2008 to present

General Issues: Manufacturing

Spending: about $2,987,162 (But it's complicated. Here's why.)

It can be tricky to figure out how much an organization spent on a particular lobbying engagement. The law only requires lobbyists to report the amount they were paid for federal lobbying each quarter rounded to the nearest $10,000—and if it's less than $3,000 in a given quarter (or less than $13,000 for organizations with in-house lobbyists), they don't have to disclose it at all. Plus, some organizations include spending that doesn’t belong in the report—for instance, money spent lobbying state governments or other legal work.

Agencies lobbied since 2008: U.S. Senate, Defense - Dept of (DOD), Commerce - Dept of (DOC), Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Housing & Urban Development - Dept of (HUD), Labor - Dept of (DOL), Natl Science Foundation (NSF), Transportation - Dept of (DOT), Economic Development Administration, Energy - Dept of, Commerce - Dept of (DOC), Defense - Dept of (DOD), House of Representatives, Treasury - Dept of